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Estradiol Replacement Timing and Obesogenic Diet Effects on Body Composition and Metabolism in Postmenopausal Macaques

Purnell, Jonathan Q ; Urbanski, Henryk F ; Kievit, Paul ; Roberts, Charles T ; Bethea, Cynthia L

Endocrinology (Philadelphia), 2019-04-01, Vol.160 (4), p.899-914 [Peer Reviewed Journal]

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Title:
Estradiol Replacement Timing and Obesogenic Diet Effects on Body Composition and Metabolism in Postmenopausal Macaques
Author: Purnell, Jonathan Q ; Urbanski, Henryk F ; Kievit, Paul ; Roberts, Charles T ; Bethea, Cynthia L
Subjects: Postmenopause - drug effects ; Estradiol - administration & dosage ; Body Weight - drug effects ; Insulin - blood ; Estrogen Replacement Therapy - methods ; Bone Density - drug effects ; Animals ; Postmenopause - metabolism ; Diet ; Body Composition - drug effects ; Insulin Resistance - physiology ; Female ; Macaca ; Blood Glucose - metabolism ; Body Weight - physiology ; Energy Metabolism - physiology ; Diet, Western ; Energy Metabolism - drug effects ; Body Composition - physiology ; Control ; Blood sugar ; Physiological aspects ; Postmenopausal women ; Models ; Dosage and administration ; Drug therapy ; Food and nutrition ; Health aspects ; Estradiol ; Body composition ; Index Medicus ; Abridged Index Medicus
Is Part Of: Endocrinology (Philadelphia), 2019-04-01, Vol.160 (4), p.899-914
Description: Whether hormone replacement therapy has beneficial metabolic effects in postmenopausal women remains controversial because of between-study differences in menopausal duration, estrogen formulations, and diet. Additionally, animal studies have not reflected the typical human obesogenic, Western-style diet (WSD). In this study, we determined the effects of immediate 17β-estradiol (ImE) or delayed 17β-estradiol treatment on weight and metabolism parameters in old ovo-hysterectomized rhesus macaques consuming a WSD over a 30-month period. The placebo and ImE groups exhibited progressive gains in weight and fat mass, which ImE initially attenuated but did not prevent. Progression of insulin resistance (IR) was lessened by ImE compared with placebo under both fasting and IV glucose-stimulated conditions, plateauing in all groups between 24 and 30 months. Consequently, relative euglycemia was maintained through lower stimulated insulin levels with ImE than with placebo. Bone mineral density decreased in the placebo group but was maintained in the ImE group, whereas bone mineral content was unaffected by placebo and increased with ImE. Daily activity was reduced while macaques consumed a WSD and was not affected by ImE. Over time, total cholesterol, triglyceride, very-low-density cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL-C, and IL-8 levels increased or trended upward in all animals, with only the change in HDL-C affected by ImE. Delayed estrogen treatment (months 24 to 30) had no significant impact on body composition or glucometabolic parameters. In summary, detrimental WSD-induced changes in body composition and metabolism were only temporarily ameliorated by ImE, with the important exception of glucose homeostasis, which benefited from E replacement even as body composition worsened.
Publisher: United States: Oxford University Press
Language: English
Identifier: ISSN: 1945-7170
ISSN: 0013-7227
EISSN: 1945-7170
DOI: 10.1210/en.2018-00884
PMID: 30753523

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Estradiol Replacement Timing and Obesogenic Diet Effects on Body Composition and Metabolism in Postmenopausal Macaques

Purnell, Jonathan Q ; Urbanski, Henryk F ; Kievit, Paul ; Roberts, Charles T ; Bethea, Cynthia L

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